Howto nixos
configure enviroment
download nixos installation iso:
https://channels.nixos.org/nixos-23.05/latest-nixos-minimal-x86_64-linux.iso
create usb to install on physical desktop:
yay -S ventoy-bin
or install nixos on virtual machine:
mkdir /var/lib/libvirt/images/nixos -p qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/nixos/nixos_disk1_100G.qcow2 100G
boot with nixos iso and create partitions:
parted /dev/vda -- mklabel gpt parted /dev/sda -- mkpart ESP fat32 1 1GB parted /dev/sda -- mkpart primary linux-swap 1GB 8GB parted /dev/sda -- mkpart primary ext4 8GB 100%
format partitions:
mkfs.fat -F 32 -n boot /dev/vda1 mkswap -L swap /dev/vda2 mkfs.ext4 -L nixos /dev/vda3
installing os
mount root partition on /mnt:
mount /dev/vda3 /mnt
make boot directory and mount boot partition:
mkdir /mnt/boot mount /dev/vda1 /mnt/boot
mount swap partition:
swapon /dev/vda2
generate nixos configuration file:
nixos-generate-config --root /mnt
edit configuration file /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix:
{ config, pkgs, ... }:
{
imports =
./hardware-configuration.nix
];
boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = true;
boot.loader.efi.canTouchEfiVariables = true;
time.timeZone = "America/Puerto_Rico";
i18n.defaultLocale = "en_US.UTF-8";
services.xserver.enable = true;
services.xserver.layout = "us";
sound.enable = true;
hardware.pulseaudio.enable = true;
users.users.linux = {
isNormalUser = true;
extraGroups = [ "wheel" "networkmanager" "virt-manager" "scanner" "lp" ];
packages = with pkgs; [
firefox
tree
];
};
services.openssh.enable = true;
}
configure static ip networking:
networking.networkmanager.enable = true;
networking.interfaces.eth0.ipv4.addresses = [ {
address = "192.168.75.44";
prefixLength = 24;
} ];
networking.defaultGateway = "192.168.75.1";
networking.nameservers = [ "4.2.2.1" "4.2.2.2" ];
bridge network interface:
networking.useDHCP = false;
networking.bridges = {
"br0" = {
interfaces = [ "enp1s0" ];
};
};
networking.interfaces.br0.ipv4.addresses = [ {
address = "192.168.75.44";
prefixLength = 24;
} ];
networking.defaultGateway = "192.168.75.1";
networking.nameservers = ["4.2.2.1" "4.2.2.2"];
hostname and /etc/hosts:
networking.hostName = "nixos";
networking.extraHosts = ''
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.75.44 nixos
'';
enable ip forwarding:
boot.kernel.sysctl."net.ipv4.ip_forward" = 1;
allow nonfree apps:
nixpkgs.config.allowUnfree = true;
configure desktop gnome:
services.xserver.displayManager.gdm.enable = true; services.xserver.desktopManager.gnome.enable = true; programs.dconf.enable = true; services.udev.packages = with pkgs; [ gnome.gnome-settings-daemon ]; environment.gnome.excludePackages = (with pkgs; [ gnome-photos gnome-tour ]) ++ (with pkgs.gnome; [ gnome-terminal gedit # text editor evince # document viewer gnome-characters ]);
enable virtualization:
virtualisation.libvirtd.enable = true;
enable flatpak:
services.flatpak.enable = true; xdg.portal.enable = true;
enable cups server for printers:
services.printing.enable = true;
enable scanner:
hardware.sane.enable = true;
enable podman containers:
virtualisation = {
podman.enable = true;
oci-containers.backend = "podman";
};
then when system boot configure flatpak repo:
flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
system packages:
environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [ wget vim nano zsh file lsof virt-manager ];
intel drivers:
services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "modesetting" ];
if you experience screen tearing no matter what, this configuration was reported to resolve the issue:
services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "intel" ]; services.xserver.deviceSection = '' Option "DRI" "2" Option "TearFree" "true" '';
nvidia gpu drivers:
services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "nvidia" ]; boot.blacklistedKernelModules = [ "nouveau" ];
or nvidia gpu legacy drivers:
services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "nvidiaLegacy390" ]; services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "nvidiaLegacy340" ]; services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "nvidiaLegacy304" ];
amd gpu drivers:
services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "amdgpu-pro" ];
for laptop touchpads:
services.xserver.libinput.enable = true;
load kernel modules:
boot.kernelModules = [ "fuse" "kvm-intel" "coretemp" ];
load kernel modules on initrd:
boot.initrd.kernelModules = [ "cifs" ];
firewall is enabled by default, you can open specific tcp ports:
networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ 22 ];
run the installer:
nixos-install
reboot the system:
reboot
os configuration
add unstable channel:
nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-unstable nixos-unstable nix-channel --update
run command without installing the package in your current session:
nix-shell -p git
verify current os configuration:
nix-shell -p nix-info --run "nix-info -m"
list current os generations:
nix-env --list-generations
command output:
1 2023-06-26 11:42:47 2 2023-06-26 11:52:57 3 2023-06-26 11:53:04 4 2023-06-26 11:53:10 5 2023-06-26 11:53:21 6 2023-06-26 11:56:23 7 2023-06-26 11:56:47 8 2023-06-26 12:11:51 9 2023-06-26 12:11:59 (current)
delete os generations:
nix-env --delete-generations 1 2 3 4 5
custom pkgs
clone git repo:
git clone https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs.git /usr/local/nixpkgs
edit /etc/nixos/configuration.nix to import custom module:
{
imports =
[ # Include the results of the hardware scan.
./hardware-configuration.nix
(import "/usr/local/nixpkgs/nixos/modules/services/admin/nomachine.nix")
];
disable module on repo:
disabledModules = [ "pkgs/tools/admin/nomachine-client/default.nix" ];
edit /etc/nixos/configuration.nix to import custom package:
nixpkgs.config = {
allowUnfree = true;
packageOverrides = pkgs:
{
nomachine = pkgs.callPackage (import "/usr/local/nixpkgs/pkgs/tools/admin/nomachine/default.nix") {};
};
};
services.nxserver.enable = true;
add nomachine to environment.systemPackages:
environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
wget vim nano zsh file lsof ncdu zip unzip nomachine git
];
rebuild nixos configuration:
nixos-rebuild switch
home-manager
install home-manager:
sudo nix-channel --add https://github.com/nix-community/home-manager/archive/release-23.05.tar.gz home-manager
update channels:
sudo nix-channel --update
add the following line to /etc/nixos/configuration.nix inside the imports []:
<home-manager/nixos>
add the following line:
home-manager.users.linux = { pkgs, ... }: {
home.packages = [ pkgs.home-manager ];
home.stateVersion = "23.05";
programs.bash.enable = true;
};
apply this configuration with rebuild:
sudo nixos-rebuild switch
create initial configuration:
home-manager init
edit ~/.config/home-manager/home.nix:
{ config, pkgs, ... }:
{
home.username = "linux";
home.homeDirectory = "/home/linux";
home.stateVersion = "23.05";
home.packages = with pkgs; [htop];
home.sessionVariables = {
EDITOR = "nano";
};
programs.home-manager.enable = true;
}
save file and execute this command to install packages:
home-manager switch